Friday, December 20, 2024

In Conversation with Lenin Raghuvanshi


 "Justice in Action: Lenin Raghuvanshi's Dialogue at Scottish Church College"

This illustration symbolizes the historic legacy of Scottish Church College and Lenin Raghuvanshi’s inspiring advocacy for justice, equity, and empowerment. It bridges tradition and transformative ideas, reflecting a shared vision for societal change.

1.    You come from a family where Gandhian and Ambedkerite values were deeply preached to you. Can you briefly tell us how your upbringing shaped your perspectives on casteism which propelled you to become an activist? Please tell us about your journey so far.  (Please share any incident/event of injustice that you noticed during your early years that has still stuck with you)  

My upbringing, deeply rooted in Gandhian and Ambedkarite values, profoundly shaped my perspectives on casteism and propelled me to become an activist. Born into an upper caste Kshatriya family, I was influenced by my grandfather, Shanti Kumar Singh, a Gandhian freedom fighter, and my father, a staunch communist who named all his children with Marxist first names. My mother, a dedicated working woman with Rajput pride, reared us with libertarian ideas. This unique blend of ideologies at home allowed me to understand where different beliefs clash and cooperate, teaching me to coexist with differences and fostering a deep sense of justice and equality. 

My odyssey epitomizes the transformative potential of activism and the enduring quest for justice, leaving an indelible mark on generations to come. An incident that profoundly impacted me during my early years was the story of Nageshwar, a bonded laborer from North Bihar whose bond had been sold six times. After attempting to escape the brutality of his bonded employer, Nageshwar was caught and branded with hot iron rods as punishment. Witnessing these marks and understanding the deep-seated casteism behind such acts ignited a fire in me, from which there was no turning back. This experience made me realize that the caste system's cruelty was not only systemic but also deeply ingrained in people's psyche, both victims and perpetrators.

Around 1991, during my college years, I met Swami Agnivesh and Kailash Satyarthi, both influential social change-makers. This exposure reinforced my desire to support marginalized communities. I joined Kailash Satyarthi’s organization to help free children and release bonded laborers. During numerous rescues, I observed a significant pattern: there were no bonded child laborers from my upper caste community. This stark realization forced me to question why lower caste individuals were disproportionately affected, despite similar levels of poverty.

In 1993, I became the president of the Uttar Pradesh chapter of the United Nations Youth Organisation. This role, coupled with my exposure to mainstream society, highlighted that casteism permeates all walks of life. Understanding that government reservation policies alone were insufficient, I decided to uplift marginalized communities by amplifying their voices. In 1996, I founded the People's Vigilance Committee on Human Rights (PVCHR) with my life partner Shruti Nagvanshi and other like-minded individuals.

The essence of social change, I believe, is to focus on building the new rather than fighting the old. It starts with an individual and can slowly transform the fabric of society. As a Dalit rights activist, I took it upon myself to restore the scattered pieces of dignity and human rights for Dalits, stemming from centuries of casteism. To work for them, I had to be with them and transform my own thoughts and behaviors.

Initially, marginalized communities distrusted me, but my team and I reached out with sincerity, studied their problems, and learned from them. Through empathy and active listening, we fostered relationships, improved communication, and identified how we could support them and link state agencies to address their challenges. We educated slum residents about their constitutional human rights and encouraged them to stand up against violence through legal channels.

Our efforts included opening schools, providing multidimensional support in education, infrastructure, and care. Former child laborers like Pooja and Jyoti, who received education through our initiatives, have gone on to achieve remarkable success and are now helping uplift others. Their happiness and liberation are the greatest gifts of my life.

Throughout my journey, I faced challenges from authorities, politicians, law-keepers, mafias, my caste groups, classmates, and extended family. However, perseverance, practical planning, and a sustainable, hand-in-hand approach led to significant progress. My life partner Shruti Nagvanshi has been a steadfast support, and together, we converted to Buddhism as a protest against the caste system's dehumanizing effects. Our son, Kabeer Karunik, continues to inspire us in our mission.

In subsequent years, I continued to champion human rights causes, extending my support to prominent activists in neighboring countries. However, my advocacy was not without repercussions, as I faced a web of false accusations and conspiracies. Despite these challenges, my resilience shone through, and my organizations persisted in their pursuit of justice.

In summary, my journey has been one of learning, empathy, and unwavering commitment to social justice. By fostering hope, honor, and human dignity, I believe we can illuminate even the darkest corners of society.

2.              There were significant ideological differences between Ambedkar and Gandhi, even after the signing of the Poona Pact in 1932. In an article titled, “What Congress and Gandhi Did to the Untouchables”, Ambedkar elaborately spoke on how Gandhi’s fast until death, in response to the British government’s inclusion of a separate electorate for ‘depressed classes’ was nothing but a means of political coercion. Ambedkar accused Gandhi of employing casteist means and tokenism in the latter’s fight for caste injustices, especially because most of Congress’ funding came from dominant(upper) caste individuals. What are your views on this and do you think that Gandhi’s actions towards the upliftment of Dalits was mere tokenism?  

The ideological differences between Ambedkar and Gandhi regarding the upliftment of Dalits are well-documented and significant. Ambedkar's critique of Gandhi, particularly in the context of the Poona Pact of 1932, highlights a fundamental disagreement in their approaches to addressing caste injustices. In his article “What Congress and Gandhi Did to the Untouchables,” Ambedkar argues that Gandhi's fast unto death was a form of political coercion aimed at preventing the British government from granting a separate electorate to the ‘depressed classes.’ Ambedkar viewed this as a tactic that reinforced casteist structures and maintained the status quo, driven by the interests of the dominant upper caste members who largely funded the Congress.

From my perspective, Gandhi’s efforts to address the plight of Dalits, while significant in raising awareness, often fell short of the radical structural changes needed to dismantle the deeply entrenched caste system. Gandhi advocated for the removal of untouchability and promoted the concept of Harijan (children of God), but his approach was rooted in a vision of reforming Hindu society from within, rather than radically restructuring it. This often translated into actions that could be perceived as tokenistic, given that they did not challenge the fundamental power dynamics between castes.

Gandhi’s stance on separate electorates is a case in point. He believed that a separate electorate would further divide Hindu society and weaken the fight against British colonial rule. However, Ambedkar saw separate electorates as essential for providing Dalits with political representation and a voice independent of the dominant caste interests. Gandhi’s opposition, therefore, appeared to prioritize the unity of the Hindu community over the specific needs and rights of the Dalits, leading to accusations of tokenism and casteism.

Ambedkar, on the other hand, demanded structural changes and legal safeguards to protect the rights of Dalits. He understood that mere social reforms without altering the underlying power structures would not be sufficient to achieve true equality. His vision was to empower Dalits politically, socially, and economically, ensuring their representation and participation in the democratic process.

In my view, Gandhi's contributions to the upliftment of Dalits cannot be entirely dismissed as mere tokenism. His efforts brought significant attention to the issue and mobilized many people towards the cause. However, his methods were often limited by his overarching goal of maintaining Hindu unity and his reluctance to confront the caste system's fundamental inequities. Ambedkar’s criticisms are valid in highlighting these limitations and emphasizing the need for more radical and inclusive approaches to achieving social justice.

The debate between Gandhi and Ambedkar remains relevant today, as it underscores the complexity of social reform and the different strategies needed to address deeply rooted systemic inequalities. Both leaders played crucial roles in India’s struggle for independence and social justice, but their differing ideologies and methods reflect the multifaceted nature of the fight against caste oppression.

It is worth noting that Gandhi supported Dr. Ambedkar's inclusion as the law minister in Nehru's cabinet. After that, Dr. Ambedkar became the chair of the Constitution Drafting Committee, and the Indian Constitution became a powerful tool in the fight against the caste system of Manu Smriti. When Gandhi was assassinated by Godse, Dr. Ambedkar was one of the first to pay respects to his body. This illustrates a friendly contradiction; both leaders, despite their differences, contributed immensely to India's progress. Gandhi is revered as the Father of the Nation, while Dr. Ambedkar is honored as the Father of Modern India. We need both of their legacies to continue the fight against caste-based discrimination and to promote social justice.

3. Can you please share a few words for our readers and suggest any educational or otherwise opportunities that students from SC/ST and minority-gendered groups can avail?

Certainly! Here are a few words for our readers who are from SC/ST and minority-gendered groups, along with suggestions for educational and other opportunities:

Words of Encouragement:

  1. Believe in Your Potential:
    • Your identity should never limit your dreams or aspirations. Believe in your capabilities and pursue your goals with determination and resilience.
  2. Seek Support and Community:
    • Connect with supportive networks and communities within and outside your educational institution. Surround yourself with mentors and peers who uplift and empower you.
  3. Challenge Stereotypes and Discrimination:
    • Stand tall against any form of discrimination or bias you may encounter. Your voice and actions can contribute to creating a more inclusive and equitable environment for everyone.
  4. Celebrate Your Identity:
    • Embrace and celebrate your cultural heritage, identity, and achievements. Your unique perspective adds richness and diversity to the educational and social fabric.

Educational and Other Opportunities:

  1. Scholarships and Financial Aid:
    • Look for scholarships specifically designed for SC/ST and minority-gendered students. Many universities and organizations offer financial assistance to support your academic journey.
  2. Mentorship Programs:
    • Seek out mentorship programs that provide guidance and support from experienced professionals or senior students. Mentorship can be invaluable in navigating academic challenges and career decisions.
  3. Skill Development Workshops:
    • Participate in workshops and training programs that enhance your skills and knowledge. These opportunities can include leadership development, career readiness, and academic skill-building.
  4. Internships and Experiential Learning:
    • Explore internships and experiential learning opportunities that provide hands-on experience in your field of interest. These practical experiences can strengthen your resume and expand your professional network.
  5. Networking Events and Conferences:
    • Attend networking events, conferences, and seminars related to your academic discipline or career interests. These gatherings offer opportunities to connect with industry professionals and peers.
  6. Support Services and Counseling:
    • Take advantage of support services offered by your educational institution, such as counseling, academic advising, and diversity initiatives. These services are designed to help you succeed academically and personally.
  7. Community Outreach and Volunteering:
    • Engage in community outreach and volunteer activities that align with your interests and values. Volunteering not only contributes to societal well-being but also enhances your skills and personal growth.
  8. Research and Academic Projects:
    • Get involved in research projects or academic initiatives that allow you to explore topics of interest and contribute to knowledge creation. Research experiences can open doors to further academic pursuits or career opportunities.

Final Thoughts:

Remember, every challenge you overcome and every achievement you attain strengthens your journey and contributes to positive change. Seek out opportunities that resonate with your passions and goals, and never hesitate to reach out for support when needed. Your unique perspectives and contributions are invaluable to creating a more inclusive and equitable world.

Keep striving, learning, and growing—your potential knows no bounds!







Link: 
https://www.scribd.com/document/806863429/The-3rd-Edition-of-The-Spectrum

The 3rd Edition of The Spectrum by pvchr.india9214 on Scribd

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